Where is the sunflower used as an ornamental plant?

Use of sunflower as an ornamental plant, Sunflower, which is used in landscaping gardening areas, creates very beautiful images. Sunflower; There are more than 60 varieties belonging to the genus Helianthus, a compound flowering plant belonging to the dahlia (Daisy) (Astereceae) family. While the varieties belonging to Helianthus annuus L. species, which is one of the annual forms of sunflower, which has perennial and annual species, are grown as oil and nuts in our country, H. tuberosus L. species is grown as yams. 

There are varieties of H. annuus species with flowers of various colors and are used as ornamental flowers. The color of the petals of the sterile flowers located at the outermost part of the flowers can be single or mixed in different colors ranging from pale yellow to dark red. In some plants, the presence of anthocyanin in different organs of the plant can cause the middle color of the flower plate to vary from green to black.

Use of Sunflower in Landscaping

Similarly, the stem, petioles and side branches of the plant can vary from green to dark purple depending on the anthocyanin concentration. The sunflower plant requires a total temperature around 2600-2850°C during the growing period (100-150 days). Due to its deep and taproot system, it has a high drought resistance. Although it grows in all kinds of soils, it likes well-drained soils with neutral pH (6.5-7.5) and high water retention more. It is important to select plants suitable for salinity. Sunflower, which has a medium level of resistance to salinity, does not like acidic soils with high ground water.

Germination of sunflower

The minimum soil temperature for sunflower germination should be 8-10 C. For this reason, it is usually sown between early April and mid-May. Sunflower is resistant to cold and is generally not damaged by the first frosts until the 4-6 leaf stage. However, it is highly affected by the frost that occurs when the temperature drops below -4°C. Plant height varies between 50 cm and 4 m depending on the variety, and those preferred for ornamental use are generally 50-150 cm tall plants. In landscape areas, depending on the rainfall during the vegetation period, it can be grown without the need for irrigation in places with an annual rainfall of more than 500 mm. Sunflower.

Sunflower in front of the garden walls

In particular, the cultivation of sunflower plants of different heights in front of garden walls, from short to tall, gives depth to areas limited in terms of land size and is preferred to create a background for the end of the garden. In addition, due to its low installation and management costs, it is also used as an ornamental plant at the entrances and exits of various public buildings with high human traffic such as hospitals, stations and airports.

Sunflowers (Helianthus annuus) are widely used as ornamental plants in gardens, landscapes, and floral arrangements around the world. Their vibrant and large flowers, often characterized by bright yellow petals surrounding a central disk, make them popular choices for adding color and charm to outdoor spaces. Here are some common uses of sunflowers as ornamental plants:

1. Gardens and Landscapes:
   • Sunflowers are frequently planted in gardens and landscapes for their visual appeal. They add a burst of color and can create a cheerful and inviting atmosphere.
2. Cut Flowers:
   • Sunflowers are commonly grown for their use as cut flowers. The long stems and large flower heads make them ideal for floral arrangements in both indoor and outdoor settings.
3. Floral Displays:
   • Sunflowers are often featured in floral displays, including bouquets and centerpieces for events such as weddings, parties, and celebrations.
4. Container Gardening:
   • Dwarf or compact varieties of sunflowers are suitable for container gardening. These can be grown on patios, balconies, or small garden spaces.
5. Urban Landscaping:
   • Sunflowers are sometimes used in urban landscaping projects to bring a touch of nature to city environments. They can be incorporated into public spaces, parks, and roadside plantings.
6. Educational Gardens:
   • Sunflowers are popular choices for educational gardens, including school gardens. They are often used to teach children about plant growth, pollination, and the life cycle of flowering plants.
7. Attracting Pollinators:
   • The large, open flowers of sunflowers attract pollinators, such as bees and butterflies, making them not only visually appealing but also beneficial for supporting local ecosystems.
8. Fall Decorations:
   • In some regions, sunflowers are associated with fall and are used in seasonal decorations. They may be featured in autumn-themed displays and arrangements.
9. Sunflower Mazes and Labyrinths:
   • Some places create sunflower mazes or labyrinths by planting sunflowers in specific patterns. These can be interactive and entertaining attractions for visitors.
10. Public Gardens and Parks:
    • Sunflowers are commonly found in public gardens and parks, contributing to the overall beauty and aesthetics of these spaces.

When selecting sunflowers for ornamental use, gardeners can choose from a variety of cultivars that differ in size, color, and petal arrangement. Sunflowers are generally easy to grow, making them accessible for both experienced and novice gardeners alike.